guilt

CET6TEM4GRE考研中低频词常用词汇

英 [gɪlt] 美[ɡɪlt]

释义

n. 犯罪，过失；内疚

词态变化

形容词: guiltless;

近义词

remorse penitence sorrow conscience repentance compunction contrition regret shame disgrace

中文词源

guilt 有罪，自责，内疚

词源不详。可能来自guild, 付款，支付。引申义支付罚金，赎罪。

英文词源

guilt: guilt: [OE] Guilt is a strictly English word; no other Germanic, or indeed Indo-European language has it, and it is not clear where it came from. One theory is that, like guild and yield, it comes ultimately from Germanic *gelth- ‘pay’, and originally meant ‘debt’. This is not generally accepted, but it is notable that the German word schuld means ‘debt’ as well as ‘guilt’, with ‘debt’ being the original sense.
guilt (n.): Old English gylt "crime, sin, moral defect, failure of duty," of unknown origin, though some suspect a connection to Old English gieldan "to pay for, debt," but OED editors find this "inadmissible phonologically." The -u- is an unetymological insertion. In law, "That state of a moral agent which results from his commission of a crime or an offense wilfully or by consent" [Century Dictionary], from early 14c. Then use for "sense of guilt," considered erroneous by purists, is first recorded 1680s. Guilt by association recorded by 1919.
guilt (v.): "to influence someone by appealing to his sense of guiltiness," by 1995, from guilt (n.). Related: Guilted; guilting. Old English also had a verbal form, gyltan (Middle English gilt), but it was intransitive and meant "to commit an offense, act criminally."

双语例句

1. The drinking and the guilt fed on each other.: 酗酒和犯罪彼此助长。

2. His creative drive has been strangled by his sense of political guilt.: 他的创造欲望已被他的政治负罪感扼杀了。

3. Too many women are like me, guilt ridden about the kids.: 很多女人都像我一样，对孩子充满了内疚。

4. She wanted some admission of guilt from her father.: 她期待她父亲能够认罪。

5. I was too weighed down by guilt to eat the sweet.: 我满怀内疚，吃不下甜食。

英英释意

1. the state of having committed an offense

2. remorse caused by feeling responsible for some offence

实用场景例句

Don't lay a guilt trip on your child about schoolwork.: 别让你孩子对学业自责不迭。

The investigation will try to find out where the guilt for the disaster really lies.: 此调查将尽力查出灾难的真正责任所在。

an admission of guilt: 承认有罪

His guilt was proved beyond all doubt by the prosecution.: 他的罪行已被原告方证实确凿无疑。

a guilt complex (= an exaggerated sense of guilt ): 内疚情结

Many survivors were left with a sense of guilt .: 许多幸存者都有内疚感。

She had feelings of guilt about leaving her children and going to work.: 她因离开自己的孩子去工作而感到内疚。

You weren't convinced of Mr Matthews' guilt.: 你不相信马修斯先生有罪。

The trial is concerned only with the determination of guilt according to criminal law...: 依照刑法规定，审判仅涉及定罪。

Some cancer patients experience strong feelings of guilt.: 一些癌症病人懊悔不已。

Her emotions had ranged from anger to guilt in the space of a few seconds...: 几秒钟的时间里，她经历了从愤怒到内疚的情感变化。

What's my boy doing a Barbie?: 我儿子干嘛玩芭比娃娃?

Guilt had been eating into his conscience for some months.: 几个月来内疚一直折磨着他的良心.

The knowledge of his guilt tormented him.: 知道了自己的罪责使他非常痛苦.

She tried to cover up her guilt by lying.: 她企图用谎言掩饰自己的罪行.

The prisoner was surprised into admitting his guilt.: 有人使囚犯无意中承认自己有罪.

I'm convinced of his guilt.: 我确信他有罪.

He has stained the good honor of his family with the guilt of his crime.: 他的犯罪行为玷污了他家的好名声.

She was consumed with guilt.: 她深感内疚.

Her red face testified to her guilt.: 她脸红证明她内心有愧.

He is conscious of a sense of guilt.: 他感到内疚.

They had conclusive evidence of her guilt.: 他们对她的罪行有确凿的证据.

Nothing can extenuate his guilt.: 他的罪无法减轻.

A clever lawyer can cozen the prisoner into an admission of guilt.: 一个聪明的律师能施小计诱使囚犯承认有罪.

The court absolved him of guilt in her death.: 法庭赦免了他在她的死亡中所犯的罪.

The guilt of the accused man was in doubt.: 被告之罪有疑问.

The new evidence establishes the suspect's guilt.: 新证据证实了嫌疑犯有罪.

考试真题

A reasonable assumption—don't families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can't? In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture.

A reasonable assumption—don't families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can't?

Even parents who can see that a trip is little more than a party or celebration may well feel guilt that their child is left behind.

"There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve," says Amrisha Vaish, a psychology researcher at the University of virginia, adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions aren't

And guilt, by prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humans to make up for errors and fix relationships.

And vice versa: high sympathy can substitute for low guilt.

Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative species together.

In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing.

In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad rap.

Some kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that shortfall by experiencing more guilt, which can rein in their nastier impulses.

This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing.

Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a child's growing grasp of social and moral norms.

viewed in this light, guilt is an opportunity.

Work by tina Malti, a psychology professor at the University of Toronto, suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency.

You may feel guilt over your past, but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you cannot change.

词组搭配

guilt by association

guilt ascribed to someone not because of any evidence but because of their association with an offender

共犯

同义词辨析

crime, sin, guilt, offence, violation

这些名词均含有"犯法，犯罪，罪恶"之意。

crime：指严重的违法行为或罪行。

sin：主要指违反道德原则或违反宗教戒律的过失或罪过行为。

guilt：多用于指违反道德或社会标准的不法行为，含应予惩办之意。这种惩办是以证据为根据的。

offence：使用广，可泛指对任何规则、道德标准、法律、纪律等的违反与触犯，其罪行可重可轻。

violation：指违背誓言、条约、规则以及良心等，也指侵犯权利。