fund

CET4TEM4考研TOEFLCET6高频词基本词汇

英 [fʌnd] 美[fʌnd]

释义

n. 基金；资金；存款

vt. 投资；资助

n. (Fund)人名；(德)丰德

词态变化

复数: funds;第三人称单数: funds;过去式: funded;现在分词: funding;

近义词

supply stock assets

中文词源

fund 资金

来自PIE*bhudh, 底部，基础，词源同bottom, founder. 用做经济学名词资金。比较finance.

英文词源

fund: fund: [17] Latin fundus meant ‘bottom’. English originally acquired it via French as fond, and in the course of the 17th century re-latinized it to fund. The literal meaning ‘bottom’ was retained until the mid 18th century (‘a Glass-Bubble fix’d to the Fund of a Vessel’, British Apollo 1709), but gradually it gave way to the metaphorical ‘basic supply, particularly of money’. From fundus was derived the Latin verb fundāre ‘lay the bottom for, establish’ (source of English found), and the next step on from this was the noun fundāmentum ‘bottom part, foundation’, which gave English fundament [13] and fundamental [15].
=> found, fundament
fund (n.): 1670s, "a bottom, the bottom; foundation, groundwork," from French fond "a bottom, floor, ground" (12c.), also "a merchant's basic stock or capital," from Latin fundus "bottom, foundation, piece of land," from PIE root *bhudh- "bottom, base" (cognates: Sanskrit budhnah, Greek pythmen "foundation, bottom," Old English botm "lowest part;" see bottom (n.)). Meaning "stock of money or wealth available for some purpose" is from 1690s; sense of "store of anything to be drawn upon" is from 1704. Funds "money at one's disposal" is from 1728.
fund (v.): 1776, "convert (a debt) into capital or stock represented by interest-bearing bonds," from fund (n.). Meaning "supply (someone or something) with money, to finance" is from 1900.

双语例句

1. He's accused of misusing $17.5 million from a secret government slush fund.: 他被指控滥用秘密的政府行贿基金，金额达1,750万美元。

2. He is possessed of an extraordinary fund of energy.: 他的精力异常充沛。

3. Encourage her to get involved in fund-raising for charity.: 鼓励她参加慈善募捐活动。

4. The fund will make payments of just over £1 billion next year.: 该基金明年的支付额刚好过10亿英镑。

5. Its $25m reserve fund had been run down to around $8m.: 其2,500万美元的储备金已被减少到了800万美元左右。

英英释意

1. a reserve of money set aside for some purpose

2. a supply of something available for future use;: "he brought back a large store of Cuban cigars"

3. a financial institution that sells shares to individuals and invests in securities issued by other companies

实用场景例句

The museum is privately funded.: 这家博物馆由私人提供资金。

a government-funded programme: 政府资助项目

a dance festival funded by the Arts Council: 由艺术委员会资助的舞蹈节

a fund of knowledge: 丰富的知识

I'm short of funds at the moment─can I pay you back next week?: 我目前缺钱，下周还你行吗？

The project has been cancelled because of lack of funds.: 这个项目因缺乏资金已经撤销。

a disaster relief fund: 赈灾专款

the company's pension fund: 公司的养恤基金

the International Monetary Fund: 国际货币基金组织

government funds: 政府资金

The hospital is trying to raise funds for a new kidney machine.: 这家医院正设法募集资金购买一台新的血液透析器。

The concert will raise funds for research into Aids.: 这场音乐会将为艾滋病研究筹款。

...government funds.: 政府资金

...a pension fund.: 养老基金

...a scholarship fund for undergraduate engineering students.: 提供给工程学本科生的奖学金基金

The Bush Foundation has funded a variety of faculty development programs...: 布什基金会已经资助了许多教员发展项目。

The airport is being privately funded by a construction group.: 该机场是由一个建筑集团私人出资兴建的。

He is possessed of an extraordinary fund of energy.: 他的精力异常充沛。

The violinist gave a masterful performance.: 小提琴家进行了一场精彩的演奏.

There is a fund of information in our school library.: 我们学校的图书馆有丰富的资料.

This fund may not be drawn on without permission.: 这笔钱非经批准不得动用.

The fund is earmarked for public health services.: 这笔钱是专为保健事业用的.

He has a fund of amusing jokes.: 他有很多有趣的笑话.

The fund earmarked for capital construction is not to be diverted to any other purpose.: 不得挪用基本建设资金.

We made a contribution to the famine relief fund.: 我们给饥荒赈济基金捐了款.

考试真题

Many oil producers built up huge reserve funds when prices were high, so when prices fall they will draw on their reserves to support government spending and subsidies ( ' , 补贴) for their consumers.

Many schools compete for the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation funds.

Alternative forms of energy- bio-fuels, wind and solar, to name a few are certainly being funded and developed, and will play a growingrolein the world's energy supply.

For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.

In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled.

But I'd rather spend my college days funding out how children learn.

In 1944, Congress passed a bill to upgrade the system, but did not fund the plan right away.

Procter and Gamble has a "Corporate Innovation Fund" which offers big rewards for high-risk ideas that succeed.

The International Monetary Fund calculates that countries can generate substantial fiscal revenues by eliminating fossil fuel subsidies and levying carbon charges that capture the domestic damage caused by emissions.

For example, the United Nations Children's Fund estimates that some 11 million children in Africa face hunger, disease, and water shortages as a result of the strongest El Ni o ( ' , 厄尔尼诺) weather phenomenon in decades.

There is also very little detail on who will provide the funds or, importantly, who is responsible for their provision.

Securing these funds, and establishing who is responsible for raising them will also be vital for the future of climate-vulnerable countries.

I now put 20 dollars a week into my vacation fund and another 20 into retirement savings, she says, Those mean more to me than lunch.

When we can't actually remove the source of our fear, we tend to adapt psychologically by adopting a range of defence mechanisms, says Tom Crompton, change strategist for the environmental organisation World Wide Fund for Nature.

Other funding agencies, public and private, are moving in a similar direction.

The perpetual argument is that funds are tight, that we have more pressing problems here on Earth.

Today, the European Union is creating a $580 billion fund to ward off sovereign collapse

Recently, the UK National Stem Cell Network warned the UK could lose its place among the world leaders in stem cell research unless adequate funding and legislation could be assured.

In the UK, research is concentrated: less than 25% of universities receive 75% of the research funding

fair distribution of funding for universities and research institutions

Generously share their facilities with those short of funds.

The new National Institute of Food and Agriculture won't fund it, the National Institutes of Health won't fund it, and the NASA funded it only briefly, Mironov said.

Growth of cultured meat is also under way in the Netherlands", Mironov told Reuters in an interview, "but in the United States, it is science in search of funding and demand.

Mironov say about the funding for their research

The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) conducted a survey of iced coffees sold by some popular chains in Britain including Starbucks, Caffe Nero and Costa Coffee to gauge the calories as studies increasingly link obesity with cancer.

"When we can't actually remove the source of our fear, we tend to adapt psychologically by adopting a range of defence mechanisms," says Tom Crompton, change strategist for the environmental organisation World wide Fund for Nature.

For example, the United Nations Children's Fund estimates that some 11 million children in Africa face hunger, disease, and water shortages as a result of the strongest El nio weather phenomenon in decades.

Martin Sommerkorn runs the Arctic program for the environmental charity the World wildlife Fund.

According to the Overseas Development Institute Odi, however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards.

But our funds were limited, and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.

My fund-raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise regularly.

She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund our kindergarten daughter is serious about becoming a doctor.

Then we crossed paths at a church fund-raiser.

While these are small in significant amounts, at the end of the year, you will have enough for an emergency fund, family celebration or holiday.

The trick is to direct these funds better.

During the late 1990s，national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate—varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations, it is about 15%.

They do not fund peer-reviewed research.

Curbs on business - method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the Federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with its 1998 decision in the so-called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual- fund as

ministers should also look at creating greater certainty in the rental environment, which would have a significant impact on the ability of registered providers to fund new developments from revenues.

Negotiated by USFWS and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat .

Some growth stems from a commitment by governments and farsighted businesses to fund cleaner energy sources.

The fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat.

While these measures would be welcome in the short term, we must face up to the fact that the existing £4.5bn programme of grants to fund new affordable housing, set to expire in 2015, is unlikely to be extended beyond then.

词组搭配

in funds

(Brit.)having money to spend

(英)有钱花的，手头有钱的