establish

CET4TEM4IELTS考研CET6中高频词核心词汇

英 [ɪ'stæblɪʃ; e-] 美[ɪˈstæblɪʃ]

释义

vt. 建立；创办；安置

vi. 植物定植

词态变化

第三人称单数: establishes;过去式: established;过去分词: established;现在分词: establishing;

近义词

set build fix settle found organize

助记提示

1. 稳定以后，才能出(e)国家.

中文词源

establish 建立

e-, 缓音字母。-stab,建立，词源同stand,stabilize.

英文词源

establish: establish: [14] Etymologically, to establish something is to ‘make it firm’. The word comes via Old French establir from Latin stabilīre, a derivative of stabilis ‘firm, secure’ (source of English stable and related to English stand). English originally acquired it at the end of the 13th century as stablish, but by the end of the 14th century the more ‘French’ spelling had been introduced, and gradually took over.
=> stable, stand
establish (v.): late 14c., from Old French establiss-, present participle stem of establir "cause to stand still, establish, stipulate, set up, erect, build" (12c., Modern French établir), from Latin stabilire "make stable," from stabilis "stable" (see stable (adj.)). For the excrescent e-, see e-. Related: Established; establishing. An established church or religion is one sanctioned by the state.

双语例句

1. We're trying to establish linkages between these groups and financial institutions.: 我们正努力在这些团体和金融机构之间建立联系。

2. He explored the wound with his finger, trying to establish its extent.: 他用手指摸了摸伤口，想要确定受伤的程度。

3. His opportunity to re-establish himself had been nobbled by the manager's tactics.: 他重新树立自己地位的机会因教练的战术而流产了。

4. An autopsy was being done to establish the cause of death.: 正在进行尸检以确定死亡原因。

5. The government conceded the right to establish independent trade unions.: 政府承认建立独立工会的权利。

英英释意

1. set up or found;: "She set up a literacy program"

2. set up or lay the groundwork for;: "establish a new department"

3. establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment;: "The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound"; "The mathematician showed the validity of the conjecture"

4. institute, enact, or establish;: "make laws"

5. bring about;: "The trompe l'oeil-illusion establishes depth"

6. place;: "Her manager had set her up at the Ritz"

7. use as a basis for; found on;: "base a claim on some observation"

8. build or establish something abstract;: "build a reputation"

实用场景例句

We need to establish where she was at the time of the shooting.: 我们需要查实枪击发生时她在何处。

It has since been established that the horse was drugged.: 此后便证实马被注射了麻醉药。

He has just set up his own business but it will take him a while to get established .: 他刚建立起自己的公司，但要站稳脚跟还得花上一段时间。

It was this campaign that established the paper's reputation.: 正是这场运动确立了这家报纸的声誉。

Traditions get established over time.: 传统是随着时间的推移而得到认可的。

Police are still trying to establish the cause of the accident.: 警方仍在努力确定事故的原因。

They have established that his injuries were caused by a fall.: 他们已经证实他是摔伤的。

By then she was established as a star.: 那时她作为明星的地位已经确立。

The committee was established in 1912.: 这个委员会创立于1912年。

The new treaty establishes a free trade zone.: 新条约设立了自由贸易区。

The school has established a successful relationship with the local community.: 这所学校与当地社区建立了良好的关系。

The School was established in 1989 by an Italian professor.: 这所学院由一名意大利教授于1989年创建。

We had already established contact with the museum...: 我们已经和那家博物馆建立了联系。

Singapore and South Africa have established diplomatic relations.: 新加坡和南非已经建立了外交关系。

Medical tests established that she was not their own child...: 医学化验证实她不是他们的亲骨肉。

It will be essential to establish how the money is being spent...: 查清楚这笔钱将作何用途至关重要。

This is going to be the show where up-and-coming comedians will establish themselves...: 这将是大有前途的喜剧演员们让自己获得认可的节目。

He has established himself as a pivotal figure in US politics...: 他已经确立了自己在美国政界的核心地位。

The UN has established detailed criteria for who should be allowed to vote...: 联合国已经制定了有关投票资格的标准细则。

It can take as long as eight days to rig up rope ladders and to establish supply bases before a descent can be made into a very deep cave.: 在进入一个很深的岩洞之前,光是装配绳梯和建立供应基地就需要八天之久. (makeadescent下降)

The United Nations is endeavouring to establish peace.: 联合国正在致力确保和平.

Universities and colleges should establish close contact with institutes of scientific research.: 高等院校应与科研单位挂钩.

She has donated money to establish a pharmaceutical laboratory.: 她捐款成立了一个药剂实验室.

First, he had to establish his credentials as a researcher.: 首先, 他得证明自己做调查员的资格.

Let's establish the ground rules so that everybody knows what to expect.: 我们得定一下基本规则,以便让每个人都知道要求如何.

The director tends to establish his relatives in the best jobs.: 主任总想安插他的亲戚干最好的工作.

考试真题

The absorption helps them to establish strong foundations for recollection, says Patihis, and the fantasy proneness means that they revisit those memories again and again in the coming weeks and months.

But as the nursing shortage worsens, a growing number of schools and hospitals are establishing "fast-track programs" that enable college graduates with no nursing experience to become registered nurses with only a year or so of specialized training.

He established a new style of leadership.

Suburban high schools were established in the hope of increasing economic efficiency.

It was established by Norman Vincent Peale.

Since the early 1990s, several clinics have been established in the U.S. to treat heavy Internet users.

Steven Kayne, who has just taken over and established bicycle shop.

Angeleno who came to the US six years ago, and is now an established businessman with three restaurants in town.

Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists (考古学家) to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as IsiS.

In the right circumstances, they even like to communicate with humans and establish a relationship through play.

Jody has created several different presentations which she gives to different types of audiences, and she tries to establish an emotional connection with the students so that they will feel comfortable asking questions or talking to her privately.

Young adults with a college degree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts, which has in turn made it easier to establish their own households.

These designers established the modem dress code, letting playsuits and other activewear outfits suffice for casual clothing, allowing pants to enter the wardrobe, and prizing rationalism and versatility in dress, in contradiction to dressing for an occasion or allotment of the day.

It helped Bluemercury establish its position worldwide.

Securing these funds, and establishing who is responsible for raising them will also be vital for the future of climate-vulnerable countries.

As a measure to counter future shortages, the American government decided to establish a stockpile of oil in caves underground.

The government also established a stockpile (贮存) of oil as a short-term buffer (缓冲) against future shortages.

Instead of protecting speech and encouraging diversity and innovative thinking, the tenure system often stifles(压制)them: younger professors must win the approval of established colleagues for tenure, encouraging like-mindedness and sometimes inhibiting the free flow of ideas.

By establishing more regional technology transfer offices.

Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011.

Its meaning was clarified when it was established in Australia.

Once in Mexico, they establish themselves in one of about 15 sizes in the mountain forth.

As Apple and several security experts have argued, an order compelling Apple to write software that gives the Fbi access to the iPhone in question would establish an unsettling precedent.

But this does not apply to everyone, so it is essential to establish your own rhythm.

It will also be necessary to understand what sort of yield farmers might expect and to establish the plant's safety.

This time around, Twenge and her team make a point of saying that they are not trying to establish causes as such, but that they are assessing the plausibility of potential causes.

A dog's eating habit requires regular training before it is properly established.

As executives with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations, many are now well on their way to impressive careers.

Developers, and established large farmers makes owning one's own land unattainable for many new farmers.

The change to a media economy started in 1920, when the nederlandse seintoestellen fabriek nsf established a radio factory in hiversum.

The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-born threat.

These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiorsthat in some way enhance, establish, or promote a companies image.

They establish some general principles of art.

According to many books and articles, New England’s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.

Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might bent them to the punch.

In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America.

A native literary drama had been created, its alliance with the public playhouses established, and at least some of its great traditions had been begun.

Along with singapore, other governments and mega-corporations are beginning to establish their own guidelines.

In effect, the approach would create a "walled garden" in cyberspace, with safe"neighbor hoods" and bright "streetlights" to establish a sense of a trusted community.

The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to "establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization" and that federal laws precede state laws are non-controversial.

同义词辨析

build, construct, found, erect, establish, set up

这些动词均有"建设，建立，建造"之意。

build：普通用词，含义广泛，可指一切具体或抽象的建造或建立。

construct：较正式用词，强调根据一定计划进行的规模较大，结构较复杂，要求较高技术的建造。

found：侧重打下基础或创办，具体或抽象事物均可用。

erect：侧重指对高而垂直物的建造。使用不如build广泛。

establish：着重稳固地建成，可具体指国家、政府、学校或商店等的建立，也可指信仰、信用、名誉、法律、制度、规则等的建立。

set up：作"建立"用时，侧重于"开始"。可指具体或抽象的建立。

prove, certify, demonstrate, establish, testify

这些动词均含有"证明，证实"之意。

prove：普通用词，指通过某种手段或方式提供证据以证实或证明某事物真实与否，某结论正确与否等情况。

certify：较正式用词，多指有签字盖章的、合符法律程序的书面证明。

demonstrate：指通过推理、辩论、实验或以实例来证明事物的正确与否。常用于理论、学说、定律等的证明上。

establish：指证实事实或理论的真实性与正确性，使其能长期存在或为人们所接受。

testify：较正式用词，既指出庭作证，提供证据，又指为某人或某事的是否真实提供证据或证明。