enemy

CET4TEM4考研CET6中频词核心词汇

英 ['enəmɪ] 美['ɛnəmi]

释义

n. 敌人，仇敌；敌军

adj. 敌人的，敌方的

词态变化

复数: enemies;

近义词

foe adversary opponent antagonist

助记提示

1、是敌非友，非友是敌，不是朋友就是敌人。

中文词源

enemy 敌人

来自拉丁文inimicus, 敌人，词源同enmity, inimical。in-, 不，非，-im, 爱，见amour, amiable.

英文词源

enemy: enemy: [13] An enemy is literally someone who is ‘not a friend’. The word comes, via Old French enemi, from Latin inimīcus, a compound formed from the prefix in- ‘not’ and amīcus ‘friend’ (source of English amicable and related to English amiable). The late Latin derivative inimīcālis produced English inimical [17].
=> amicable, inimical
enemy (n.): early 13c., "one hateful toward and intent on harming (someone)," from Old French enemi (12c., Modern French ennemi), earlier inimi (9c.) "enemy, adversary, foe; demon, the Devil," from Latin inimicus "an enemy," literally "an unfriend," noun use of adjective meaning "hostile, unfriendly" (source also of Italian nemico, Catalan enamic, Spanish enemigo, Portuguese inimigo), from in- "not" (see in- (1)) + amicus "friend" related to amare "to love" (see Amy). From c. 1300 in English as "adversary of God, unbeliever, heathen, anti-Christian;" late 14c. as "the Devil;" also late 14c. as "member of an armed, hostile body in a war, feud, etc.;" of the opposing military forces as a whole, from c. 1600. From mid-14c. as an adjective.

Most Indo-European words for "personal enemy" cover also "enemy in war," but certain languages have special terms for the latter, such as Greek polemioi (distinct from ekhthroi), Latin hostis, originally "stranger" (distinct from inimicus), Russian neprijatel' (distinct from vrag). Russian vrag (Old Church Slavonic vragu) is cognate with Lithuanian vargas "misery" (see urge (v.)), and probably is related to Proto-Germanic *wargoz, source of Old Norse vargr "outlaw," hence "wolf;" Icelandic vargur "fox;" Old English wearg "criminal, felon;" which likely were the inspirations for J.R.R. Tolkien's warg as the name of a kind of large ferocious wolf in "The Hobbit" (1937) and "Lord of the Rings." Related: Enemies.

双语例句

1. The President spoke of the treacherous intentions of the enemy.: 总统谈及了敌人的奸诈用心。

2. Our men wiped them out, but the enemy fought bravely and well.: 我们的部队歼灭了敌人，但敌人也进行了顽强的抵抗。

3. This is something of a grudge match against a long-term enemy.: 这可以说是一场与宿敌你死我活的比赛。

4. In a naval battle your aim is to sink the enemy's ship.: 在海战中目标就是击沉敌船。

5. When war broke out, he was interned as an enemy alien.: 战争爆发时，他作为敌国人士遭到关押。

英英释意

1. an opposing military force;: "the enemy attacked at dawn"

2. an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force);: "a soldier must be prepared to kill his enemies"

3. any hostile group of people;: "he viewed lawyers as the real enemy"

4. a personal enemy;: "they had been political foes for years"

实用场景例句

Poverty and ignorance are the enemies of progress.: 贫穷和愚昧阻碍进步。

behind enemy lines (= the area controlled by the enemy): 在敌后

enemy forces/aircraft/territory: 敌军；敌机；敌方领土

After just one day, she had already made an enemy of her manager.: 刚过一天她就已经与经理为敌了。

It is rare to find a prominent politician with few political enemies .: 没有什么政敌的杰出从政者是罕见的。

The state has a duty to protect its citizens against external enemies.: 国家有义务保护本国公民不受外敌侵犯。

Birds are the natural enemies of many insect pests (= they kill them) .: 鸟类是许多害虫的天敌。

The enemy was/were forced to retreat.: 敌军被迫撤退了。

He has a lot of enemies in the company.: 他在公司里有很多对头。

The Government's political enemies were quick to pick up on this series of disasters.: 政府的政敌迅速借这一系列灾难向政府发难。

The enemy were pursued for two miles...: 敌军被追击了两英里。

He searched the skies for enemy bombers.: 他在空中搜寻敌军轰炸机。

Reform, as we know, is the enemy of revolution.: 正如我们所知，改革是革命的大敌。

A squad of our troops held off six attacks of a numerically superior enemy.: 我们部队的一个班打退了在人数上占优势的敌人的6次进攻.

A friend that frowns is better than a smiling enemy.: 朋友向你皱眉胜过敌人向你微笑.

We'll give the enemy beans when they come within range.: 敌人一旦进入射程,我们就惩罚他们.

Be modest in learning , for complacency is the enemy of study.: 学习要虚心, 自满是敌人.

The soldiers harried the enemy out of the country.: 士兵们不断作骚扰性的攻击直至把敌人赶出国境为止.

The enemy drive towards the town seemed checked.: 敌人对市镇的进攻似乎已被阻止.

We were pinned down by the enemy fire.: 我们被敌人的炮火压住了.

Be careful not to be beaten up by the enemy.: 当心别遭敌人暗算.

They fired ( their guns ) at [ on, upon ] the enemy.: 他们向敌人开炮.

考试真题

Many of the assignments and rules teachers come up with, often because they are pressured by their administrators, treat pleasure and joy as the enemies of competence and responsibility.

The enemy fled, believing the sounds to be the warning voicesof angels.

Legend tells of one general who flew musical kites over the enemy’s camp.

Obama is only the most prominent public figure to declare inequality Public Enemy No.

It is the No.1 enemy of income growth.

Ever since humanity began to farm our own food, we've faced the unpredictable rain that is both friend and enemy.

In the images, you see all kinds of possible defense constructions to hold back the Romans, Germans, Vikings, and now nature as enemy number one.

So it was pretty certain that the enemy would not be able to understand the code talkers.

The project is also about the history of Europe looking at the sea and wondering when the next enemy would appear.

They help army send news about battles and signs of enemy forces.

Any smell might attract natural enemies that would try to eat the little comforting pats.

Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.

The impact/impacts of walking upright makes it easy to find food or guard against enemies.

They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.

Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchy’s worst enemies.

词组搭配

be one's own worst enemy

act in a way contrary to one's own interests

是自己最大的敌人

同义词辨析

opponent, competitor, enemy, foe, rival

这些名词均有"对手，敌手"之意。

opponent：最常用词，通常指在争论、辩论、竞选或竞赛以及其它各种矛盾冲突中站在对立面的"对手"或"敌手"。

competitor：指为同一目标或目的竞争者，一般无感情色彩。

enemy：多指充满敌意的仇敌。

foe：语气较强，多用于书面文字和诗歌中。指不仅敌对，而且很危险，怀有很深的敌意。

rival：指与某人目标一致而想赶上或超过他的人，匹敌者。